Engine



Match 12,1929.-

R. W. BAILEY ENGINE Filed July 6, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet l Patented -Mar. 12, 1929.

P umrsa S.

RUFUS W. BAILEY,- QF SAS CITY, MISSOURI.

Enema.

Application filediuly 6, 1925. Serial No. 41,535.

such as is required for operating doors; the

provision of an engine which eliminates side thrust on the cylinder walls and produces a constant torque throughout its stroke; and

the provision of an engine which is simple in construction and free from inherent leakage factors and is economical of operation. and manufacture. Other objects will be in part obvious and inpart pointed out hereinafter. The invention accordingly comprises the features of construction,combinationof elements, and arrangements of partswhich are exemplified in the structure hereinafter described, and the scope of the application of which will be indicated in the following claim. C

c In the accompanying drawings, in which is shown one of various possible embodiments of the invention, 7

Fig.1 is a. plan view full stroke position; i v Fig. 2 is a vertical section taken on the line 22 of'Fig. 1; I

of the engine shown in Fig. 3 is a fragmentary enlarged section of the piston; v 3

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary enlarged section of the inlet and cushioning exhaust valve;

v Fig. 5 shows an application of compound engines to a door opening linkage; V

Fig. 6 is a plan view of Fig.5; and

Fig. .7 .is' an elevation showing two of the improved engines compounded on a single shaft. j Similar reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views of, the drawings. r 1

Referring now more particularly to Fig. 1,there is illustrated at 1a circularly cored casing or cover, adapted by means of flanges 3 to be fastened to a frame work .or appurtenance near a door or set of doors.

Passing through the center of the circular bore is'a drive shaft 5'which is mounted in a bearing 6 of a boss 8 (Fig. 2). The bearing is of the radial-thrust type and will resist 55 either side or uni-directiona-l end thrusts. Itmay' be constructed to take endthrusts in hollow by means two directions, if desired. There is provided no cover on the opposite side of the casing, in this embodiment of the invention. P a

Glamped horizontally to the shaft'5 is a segmental cylinder block 7 adapted to swing with the drive shaft 5 within the circular core of the casing. Asplit clamp 9 holds the block tightly to-the shaft. The clamp "is formedv integrally with theblock.-7; I

The block 7 is 'torically bored at 11..,The bore 11 forms a curved cylinderfhavingits horizontal center line concentrically curved about the axis of shaft 5. To one end of the cylinder is screwed-an airtight headplate 13. To the other endisscrewed an annular tail plate 15 having an inner; annular: lip 17 formed thereon, which liplextends. into the curved bore 11 for purposesto be described. Beside the. movablecylinder block 7 and its accompanying parts,-; the core of casing '1 carries a stationary hollow gooseneckpiston rod 19.: The gooseneck rod 19 is made of a cored passage 21 passing therethrough.

. At one end of the rod (Fig. 3) the passage 21 is met by a substantially tangential tapped W hole 23. This hole 23 has screwed therein a bored nipple 25 WVllTlCl'l'lS provided with; a hexagonal shoulder 27. Theend of the gooseneck rod 1 9 is faced in a substantially radial manner with respect to thecasing 1. The

nipple 25, when screwed into the hole 23 holds a round leather gasket 29 against the face of rod 19, of a diameter equal tothe diameter of cylinder 11. It holds clamped betweenits shoulder and the gasket a metallic washer lar sealing lip 37. Thespacer collar, 35 is provided, in order that a wrench may be applied to the shoulder 27 without mutilating the lip 37 of the piston 33.

As stated the gooseneck roddoes not move, and neither does the piston thereon. ,At a distance of substantially. 180v degrees from the said piston 33, along-the. gooseneck, is formed a'hollow boss 39. The boss 39 'is an integral partof the gooseneck. The boss 39 is providedwith-a short, hollow extension 11 adapted to snugly fit a hole in the casing 1. The 'gooseneck is held in position. inthecasing, by means. of studs 43 passing through the casing and into said boss,

'31 of lesser diameter than the cylindena An air pipe 4 5 Leadstothe hollow passage k v vided with ribs 55. The Outside of the ribs are adapted to fit the lower bore 47 and ordinarily permit passage of air between the stem 53 and the wall ofbore 47. A beveled hollow shoulder 57, forming an integral portion of the stem 53, and continuing the said bore,

. seats its outside beveled portion on the said Valve seat 51 to form a seal. The shoulder 57 is threaded outwardly and receives thereon an inverted-cup shaped cap 59. The outside diameter of the cap is less than the inside diameter of the passage 49 and will permit ample passage of air through passage 49. The screw connection between the cap and the shoulder is of a tight fit in order that the cap may be adjusted to various positions on the shoulder and hold any given adjustment.

' Radially bored into thecup (from outside to inside) are holes 61. These holes are helically arranged on the side of the cup, or may be staggered. The top of the cap is closed. Hence as the cap .59 is screwed down on the shoulder 57 to different positions, various Y sage of fluid'to' the interior of the cup or vice numbers of holes 61 are free to permit pas- Versa. The cap provides adjustable means whereby predetermined desired amounts of air may be permitted to flow through'the bore of the stem 53 and shoulder 57.

Theupper bore 49 is provided with an air tight plug 63 ,(Fig. 2). A spring65 reacts between this plug and the top of the inverted cup 59 to'normally hold the check valve assembly to its valve seat 51. l

The passage 21 of the gooseneck rod 19 communicates with the upper bore 49. This passage 21 also communicates with the inside of the curved cylindrical borellin the following manner': o

The boss. 39 is bolted to the casing at one side of the bottom thereof as described. The

gooseneck, integral 'with the boss, passes around. the centrally mounted shaft 5 in an plate 15 which carries the annular: lip 17.

The lip 17 cooperates with the gasket 29 when the tail end of the, cylinder is at the rear of the piston and hence prevents leakage of air at full stroke of the engine (Fig. 1). The hp clears the gooseneck at all stroke positions.

65 seats the check valve.

It should be understood that the cylinder casting can movefrom its Fig. 1, full stroke position, counter-clockwise through an angle of approximately 90 degrees, to its zero-stroke position. The cylinder block, of course, moves the drive shaft 5 with it. The particular angle employed for the cylinder swing is not limited to 90 degrees.

A stop 67, bolted to the case 1 prevents the head plate 13 from striking thepiston in zerostroke position of the cylinder. The stop 67 cooperates with the tail plate 15 at zerostroke, v

The operation of the-engine is as follows Assume the cylinder to be in its zero-stroke position. I A valve V in the air line 45 (in dotted lines) is opened and air under pressure passes to the pipe 45 and into the passage 47 The check 7 valve is lifted from its seatby the pressure of the air." Some of'said air passes through the" bore of the valve, into the cup 59 and out of the holes 61, but most'of it passes between the b0re47 and stem 53, past the bevel 51 and between the cup 59 and bore 49; Allof it goes through the passage 21, nipple 25' and into the cylinder 11. The reaction of the air on the cylinder head 13 causes the cylinder block 7 to take its full stroke position as open position. The lip 17 seats on the rela tively soft gasket 29 to form an air tight seal 7 against air escaping from the cylinder'while the engine 1s in full stroke position. S nce the englne 1s m'full stroke posltlon a" rela-* tively long period of time for a' given cycle, the saving ln'leakage air is pronounced.

In order to return the shaft to its original position, it is only necessary to turn the said external valve in the line 45, in such a way that the pressure in said line'is relieved, that is, turn the valve to exhaust position'from its inlet position, The type of valve required for such action is the common three-way valve. j

A conventional spring-return mechanism may be employed onthe shaft 5 which is, of

course, inoperable when airis in the cylinder i as described. I v When air pressure 1s relieved 1n the line 45, the tendency for the shaft 5 and the block 7 to return to their original positions causes air to exhaust from the cylinder 11 through V the nipple 25 and the passage2l of the stationary gooseneck rod. i

The exhausting air, with the aid of spring rush out past the beveled seat so quickly and must more slowly pass through the constrict ed openings formed by the holes 61. It then passes through thebore of the' check valve to the line 45 and exhaust,

upon exhausting the engine, is to prevent a Hence air can not I and vice versa.

quick and violent closing action of doors linked to the engine shaft and the spring return.

Two of these engines may be compounded on a single drive shaft, one operating clockwise and the other counter-clockwise. Each engine upon going to full stroke'position, to operate a door opening linkage, causes the other to exhaust, that is, go to zero stroke position. The engines are timed to bring about the above result. The timing merely involves turning one engine upside down and putting it back to back with alike engine. The result shown in Fig. 7 is then obtained where the solid line cylinder is in full stroke position and about to be returned by the dotted line cylinder which is in zero-stroke position. When two engines are timed as described it is necessary to have the valves V which feed them synchronized by a suit-able mechanism such thatwhen one turns to air feeding position the other turns to exhaust A suitable linkage'which might be used to synchronize two valves V and V T01 C0111 Olllld en ines is ShOWVIl dia-- The valve 7 can grammatically in Fig. 5. be assumed to be in inlet posltion while the valve V is in exhaust position.

The application of compound engines to a particular door mechanism is illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6. The illustration will serve to show the operation of a single spring-re turned engine also.

The engine or engines are connected with the drive shaft 5 as described and are adapted to oscillate the shaft through approximately 90 degrees.

The shaft 5 is mounted in bearings 69 and carries fast thereto a pair of bevel gears 71. The gears 71 mesh with similar gears 7 3 on vertical shafts 75. The gear ratio is 1: 1 in each case. However one of the vertical shafts 75 is driven clockwise and the other counter clockwise. placing the bevel gears 71.

Each of the vertical shafts 75 carry a door leaf 77 and each of the leaves 77 have hinged thereto another leaf 79. The leaves 79 are provided with downwardly extending pins 81 extending into lateral guide slots 83 in the floor under the doors.

Operation of a simple or compound engine This is arranged by properly on the shaft 5 will turn it through 90 degrees from its Fig. 5 position. The vertical shafts either case an action of one or more of the external three way valves is required for exhausting purposes.

The engine or engines might be mounted directly on one of the shafts 7 5 with the same result. Many other door linkages are adaptable to beoperated by this engine, the one herein shown serving illustrative purposes.

' The engine may also be used for other purposes where oscillatlng movement 18 required. From the above it will be seen that the sev eral objects of the invention are attained and other. advantageous results achieved.

As many modlficatlons of the embodlments above illustrated might be made without departing frointhe spirit or scope ofthe present invention, it is intended that the above description and accompanying drawings and claim shall'be interpreted as illustrative and-not in a limiting sense.

I claim: I An oscillating engine comprising a driv shaft, a movable curved cylinder thereon and astationary piston cooperating with the cylinder, a passage leading to and through said passage to operate the cylinder to stroke,

means for automaticallyreturning the cylinder and means for permitting relatively slow reverse passage of fluid as the cylinder returns, said last named means comprising a hollow shoulder'edstem arranged in spaced relationship to a]b0re,'a seat for the shoulder in said bore, a cap screwed to the stem above the shoulder and arranged in spaced relacommunicating with the'hollow stem, said holes being adapted to be covered or uncovered byadjusting the threaded cap.

In testimonywhereof, I have signed my 95. c tionship to the bore and holes in said cap name to this specification this 30th day of June, 1925. g

1 RUFUS w. BAILEY. 

